Because good research needs good data

Earth Science

Metadata standards

AgMES - Agricultural Metadata Element Set

A semantic standard for description, resource discovery, interoperability and data exchange for different types of agricultural information resources.

AVM - Astronomy Visualization Metadata

A standard defining discovery metadata for fully rendered astronomical imagery.

CF (Climate and Forecast) Metadata Conventions

A standard for climate and forecast “use metadata” that aims both to distinguish quantities (such as physical description, units, or prior processing) and to locate the data in space–time.

CIM - Common Information Model

A model for describing numerical experiments carried out by the Earth system modelling community, the models they use, and the data they produce.

DIF - Directory Interchange Format

An early metadata initiative from the Earth sciences community, intended for the description of scientific data sets. It inlcudes elements focusing on instruments that capture data, temporal and spatial characteristics of the data, and projects with which the dataset is associated.

FGDC/CSDGM - Federal Geographic Data Committee Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

BGDC policy states that non-Federally authored standards that are endorsed by the FGDC have the same status as FGDC developed standards. Since ISO 19115 and the associated standards are endorsed by the FGDC, federal agencies are encouraged to transition to ISO metadata as their agencies are able to do so.

ISO 19115

An internationally-adopted schema for describing geographic information and services. It provides information about the identification, the extent, the quality, the spatial and temporal schema, spatial reference, and distribution of digital geographic data.

Observations and Measurements

This standard specifies an XML implementation for the OGC and ISO Observations and Measurements (O&M) conceptual model, including a schema for Sampling Features.

Repository-Developed Metadata Schemas

Some repositories have decided that current standards do not fit their metadata needs, and so have created their own requirements.

Extensions

ABCDEFG - Access to Biological Collection Databases Extended for Geosciences

An extension of the ABCD standard for Geosciences data.

AGRIS Application Profile

A metadata standard drawing on Dublin Core and AgMES created specifically to enhance the description, exchange and subsequent retrieval of agricultural Document-Like Information Objects.

ANZLIC Metadata Profile

A profile of ISO 19115, also mapping to the AGLS profile of Dublin Core, designed to facilitate efficient access to descriptions of information resources, particularly geographic or spatial data.

COARDS Conventions

Developed by the Cooperative Ocean-Atmosphere Research Data Service (COARDS), these conventions constitute a standard set of metadata to include in netCDF files, allowing them to be shared and interchanged.

The COARDS Conventions are generalised and extended by the CF (Climate and Forecast) Metadata Conventions.

Cruise Summary Reports

The National Oceanographic Data Centre's required format for reporting on cruises or field experiments at sea, formulated using tags from the ISO19115 metadata standard.

CSDGM Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata

An extension to the FGDC/CSDGM metadata standard providing a common terminology and set of definitions for documenting geospatial data obtained by remote sensing.

Darwin Core Geospatial Extension

A protocol-independent XML schema for a geospatial extension to the Darwin Core.

EDMED Metadata Profile

The European Directory of Marine Environmental Datasets metadata scheme, which is a profile of ISO 19115.

INSPIRE Metadata Regulation

A profile of ISO 19115:2003, adopted in 2007 as the common metadata standard for the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE). The other profiles of ISO 19115 in use in European Member States have been made compliant with INSPIRE.

ISO 19115 North American Profile

A common profile of ISO19115:2003 between the United States and Canada, designed to enhance interoperability of geographic information metadata in North America.

ISO 19115-2 - Imagery and gridded data

An extension of ISO 19115 defining the schema required for describing imagery and gridded data.

Marine Community Profile

A profile developed in accordance with ISO 19115 rules by the Australian Ocean Data Centre that supports the documentation and discovery of marine spatial datasets.

Shoreline Metadata Profile

Providing the format and content for describing data sets related to shoreline and other coastal data sets, this profile complies with the FGDC/CSDGM standard.

UK AGMAP - Academic Geospatial Metadata Application Profile

A profile of ISO 19115 designed to support the documentation and discovery of spatial datasets, dataset series and geo services within Higher and Further Education.

UK Gemini

A specification for a set of metadata elements describing geospatial data resources for discovery purposes, based on ISO 19115.

USGIN ISO profile
Recommended practices for using ISO19139 xml encoding of ISO 19115 and ISO 19119 metadata to describe a broad spectrum of geoscience resources
WaterML
An Open Geospatial Consortium Encoding Standard for the representation of hydrological observations data with a specific focus on time series structures.
WMO Core Metadata Profile

The World Meteorological Organisation, WMO, has defined a restrictive subset of ISO19115 appropriate for global meteorogical use.

Tools

AgriMetamaker

A service to facilitate the publication of metadata in the AGRIS Repository; it conforms to the the AGRIS Application Profile, which draws from the Dublin Core and AgMES standards.

ANZ-MEST - Metadata Entry and Search Tool

A GeoNetwork web application for metadata management and searching, with profiles available for two extensions of ISO 19115: ANZLIC and the Marine Community Profile.

CF Compliance Checker

A utility that checks netCDF files for CF-compliance.

CIM Tools

Tools for viewing and validating CIM metadata encoded in XML format.

CMOR - Climate Model Output Rewriter

A set of C-based functions, with bindings to both Python and FORTRAN 90, that can be used to produce CF-compliant netCDF files.

FGDC/CDSGM Tools

The FGDC website's list of tools to implement the CSDGM standard.

Geodoc Metadata Editor

The Geodoc metadata editor tool allows users to create, validate, edit and export geospatial metadata records. It also supports the creation and export of metadata records as XML output files compliant with a number of standards, including UK AGMAP 2.1, ISO 19115, FGDC, DDI, and Dublin Core.

M3Cat

A tool for the creation and cataloguing of geospatial metadata, including CSDGM and ISO 19115.

ncISO

A package of tools that facilitates the generation of ISO 19115-2 metadata from NetCDF data sources.

NetCDF

A set of software libraries and self-describing, machine-independent data formats that conform to the CF metadata conventions. They support the creation, access, and sharing of array-oriented scientific data.

PIMMS - Portable Infrastructure for the Metafor Metadata System

A methodology and toolset for documenting climatology simulation experiments using the Common Information Model(CIM).

SeaDataNet Software

A suite of tools designed by SeaDataNet to facilitate the creation, editing, and conversion of ocean and marine data and metadata. Particular tools are available for preparing ISO 19115-conformant XML metadata files for the SeaDataNet directories.

SOS -Sensor Observation Service

This tool uses the Observations and Measurements standard to define a Web service interface which allows querying observations, sensor metadata, as well as representations of observed features.

WiscLINC Metadata Tools Review

The Wisconsin Land INformation Clearinghouse review of metadata tools used for documenting geospatial data and serving geospatial metadata. It includes tools for CSDGM, ISO 19115, Dublin Core, and DIF.

Use Cases

AGRIS - International System for Agricultural Science and Technology

A global public domain database using the AgMES standard to describe structured bibliographical records on agricultural science and technology.

Australian Ocean Data Network Portal

This portal is the primary access point for search, discovery, access and download of data collected by the Australian marine community. Uses the Marine Community Profile extension of ISO 19115

BADC - British Atmospheric Data Centre

The Natural Environment Research Council's (NERC) Designated Data Centre for the Atmospheric Sciences. It uses the CF-Compliant NetCDF format for its datasets.

BGS NGDC - British Geological Survey National Geoscience Data Centre

The world's oldest national geological survey and the United Kingdom's premier centre for earth science information and expertise, with information access via an ISO 19115-compliant discovery metadata database.

BODC - British Oceanographic Data Centre Published Data Library

This national facility for looking after and distributing data concerning the marine environment requires that data sets use a well-documented format such as CF-compliant NetCDF and be accompanied by a Dublin Core record as well as discovery metadata in a recognised standard such as DIF or FGDC/CDGM.

CEOS International Directory Network

An international effort headed by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites developed to assist users in locating Earth science data sets, data services, and visualizations using DIF metadata.

CMIP5 Metadata Questionnaire

A service for submitting CMIP5 climate data to the Earth Science Grid in a form compliant with the Common Information Model (CIM).

Common Data Index

A web service allowing users to access the availability and geographical spreading of marine data sets managed by the SeaDataNet data centres, using metadata based on the ISO 19115 content model.

Discovery Metadata Service

A geospatial data network requiring that metadata for datasets, data series and online services are published to the UK Gemini v2.1 metadata standard, itself an extension of ISO 19115.

Earth System Grid

A gateway providing a discovery service for climate data held at repositories across the globe. It supports use of the Common Information Model (CIM).

GeoCASe - Geosciences Collection Access Service

The GeoCASe Network provides access to a transnational network of palaeontological, mineralogical, and geological data; providers are required to use ABCDEFG, an extention of ABCD, in their configuration files.

GFZ Information System and Data Center

A case study describing DIF metadata use in the German Research Center for Geoscience.

Global Change Master Directory

The GCMD uses DIF metadata to promote the discovery, access, and use of Earth science data and data-related services worldwide, parcitularly focusing on NASA data.

GoGeo Portal

The GoGeo Portal enables users to discover geospatial information and services for education and research. It uses UK Agmap, a profile based on ISO 19115, for its metadata records.

GRIIDC - The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information and Data Cooperative

GRIIDC supports the ISO 19115-2 [properly labeled as ISO 19115-2:2009] and published a simplified and easy to use ISO 19115-2.

INSPIRE - Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe
A Spatial Data Infrastructure, whose scope includes the basic spatial information, as well as measured, modelled or simulated data.
Integrated Marine Observing System Portal
This portal is the primary access point for search, discovery, access and download of data collected by the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), an Australian Government Research Infrastructure project. Uses the Marine Community Profile extension of ISO 19115
Marine Geoscience Data System

An online portal providing access to a number of NSF-supported marine geoscience projects, which has developed its own metadata requirements.

Met Office Hadley Centre

A number of projects at the Hadley Center require CF-Compliant NetCDF files, including HadAT and Transpose AMIP.

NASA EOSDIS - The Earth Observing System Data and Information System

EOSDIS provides online FTP access to thousands of Earth system science data products described with DIF metadata.

National Science Digital Library Data Repository

An online portal for education and research on learning in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, using a profile of the Dublin Core Metadata Elements for resource and collections metadata.

NCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research

The NCAR Research Data Archive uses CF-Compliant NetCDF files.

NCDC - National Climatic Data Center

The world's largest climate data archive, providing climatological services and data worldwide. It currently promotes the FGDC/CSDGM metadata standard for its datasets.

Ocean Networks Canada

Ocean Networks Canada operates the NEPTUNE and VENUS cabled ocean observatories that collect data on physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects of the ocean over long time periods, supporting research on complex Earth processes. The CF standard is used within netCDF data products delivered through the Oceans 2.0 interface and via OPeNDAP webservices.

ODIP -Ocean Data Interoperability Platform
This system aims to facilitate sharing across scientific domains and international boundaries, members include all the major organisations engaged in ocean data management in EU, US, and Australia.
Projects and Groups Using the CF-Conventions

The CF Metadata Website's list of projects and groups adopting or encouraging the CF-Conventions as a standard.

UK Polar Data Centre

An organisation coordinating the management of data collected by UK-funded scientists in the polar regions, using an application profile that is harmonious with both ISO 19115 and DIF.

Unidata's CF Use Cases

The 2011 Unidata NetCDF Workshop's list of projects and groups adopting or encouraging the CF-Conventions as a standard.